高低浓度瓦斯的相关知识以及区分方法

Related knowledge and differentiation methods of high and low concentration gas

　　煤层气在煤矿称为煤矿瓦斯，简称瓦斯根据新的资源评价结果，我国陆上煤层气资源量36.8万亿立方米，与陆上常规天然气资源量（38万亿立方米）相当，仅次于俄罗斯和加拿大。煤层气的主要成分是甲烷，甲烷在空气中的浓度达到5%－16%时，遇明火就会爆炸，这是煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故的根源。煤层气不加以利用，直接排放到大气中，其温室效应约为二氧化碳的21倍。煤矿瓦斯发电，既可以有效地解决煤矿瓦斯事故、改善煤矿安全生产条件，又有利于增加洁净能源供应、减少温室气体排放，达到保护生命、保护资源、保护环境的多重目标。

Coalbed methane in coal mines is called coal mine gas, abbreviated as gas. According to the new resource evaluation results, China's onshore coalbed methane resources are 36.8 trillion cubic meters, which is equivalent to the onshore conventional natural gas resources (38 trillion cubic meters), second only to Russia and Canada. The main component of coalbed methane is methane. When the concentration of methane in the air reaches 5% -16%, it will explode when encountering an open flame, which is the root cause of coal mine gas explosion accidents. Coalbed methane is not utilized and is directly emitted into the atmosphere, with a greenhouse effect about 21 times that of carbon dioxide. Coal mine gas power generation can effectively solve coal mine gas accidents, improve coal mine safety production conditions, increase clean energy supply, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and achieve multiple goals of protecting lives, resources, and the environment.

　　（一）低浓度瓦斯发电技术

（1） Low concentration gas power generation technology

　　煤矿瓦斯分高浓度瓦斯和低浓度瓦斯，高浓度瓦斯是指瓦斯（甲烷）浓度大于25%的瓦斯，低浓度瓦斯是指瓦斯浓度低于25%的瓦斯。我国60%以上的瓦斯是含甲烷25%以下的低浓度瓦斯，按煤矿安全规程要求，瓦斯浓度在25%以下的就不能贮存和输送。低浓度瓦斯发电需要解决2个问题，一是各个煤矿的本身不一样，而且随时都在变化，传统的发电机组很难;以不变应万变 ，二是低浓度瓦斯的安全输送问题。依托胜动和济柴在燃气内燃机领域的领先技术，率先研制出性能卓越的高浓度瓦斯发电机组，并后继开发出能适用于低浓度瓦斯的中大功率低浓度瓦斯发电机组，成为最早掌握低浓度瓦斯发电机组技术的厂家之一。其中500KW高低浓度瓦斯发电机组和600KW高低浓度瓦斯发电机组该机组性能最为卓越，性价比高。机组采用电控燃气混合器技术，可以自动控制空燃比，以适应瓦斯的浓度变化，适合我国煤矿点多量小的特点，同时，发明了低浓度瓦斯安全输送技术，采用细水雾技术，解决了低浓度瓦斯的地面安全输送问题。

Coal mine gas is divided into high concentration gas and low concentration gas. High concentration gas refers to gas (methane) with a concentration greater than 25%, and low concentration gas refers to gas with a concentration lower than 25%. More than 60% of gas in our country is low concentration gas containing less than 25% methane. According to coal mine safety regulations, gas with a concentration below 25% cannot be stored or transported. Low concentration gas power generation needs to solve two problems. Firstly, each coal mine itself is different and constantly changing, making it difficult for traditional power generation units; The second issue is the safe transportation of low concentration gas. Relying on the leading technology of Shengdong and Jichai in the field of gas internal combustion engines, we have taken the lead in developing high-performance high concentration gas generator sets, and subsequently developed medium to high power low concentration gas generator sets that can be applied to low concentration gas, becoming one of the earliest manufacturers to master the technology of low concentration gas generator sets. Among them, the 500KW high and low concentration gas generator set and the 600KW high and low concentration gas generator set have the most outstanding performance and high cost-effectiveness. The unit adopts electronic control gas mixer technology, which can automatically control the air-fuel ratio to adapt to changes in gas concentration, suitable for the characteristics of large and small coal mines in China. At the same time, low concentration gas safety transportation technology has been invented, and fine water mist technology has been used to solve the problem of ground safety transportation of low concentration gas.

　　（二）低浓度瓦斯发电基本要求

（2） Basic requirements for low concentration gas power generation

　　首先、按国家煤矿安全管理部门的要求安装了瓦斯抽放系统,并且瓦斯抽放系统须正常运行；其次、瓦斯抽放系统纯瓦斯抽放量在100万尘3/年左右，瓦斯浓度在6-25%之间。达到这2个条件就能具备建设瓦斯电站的基础，若建设瓦斯电站就可实现;以利用促抽采、以抽采促安全;的煤矿良性循环发展。

Firstly, a gas drainage system has been installed in accordance with the requirements of the national coal mine safety management department, and the gas drainage system must operate normally; Secondly, the pure gas drainage volume of the gas drainage system is about 1 million m3/year, and the gas concentration is between 6-25%. By meeting these two conditions, one can have the foundation to build a gas power station. If a gas power station is built, it can be achieved; Promoting extraction through utilization and promoting safety through extraction; The virtuous cycle development of coal mines.

　　高低浓度瓦斯的划分：

Classification of high and low concentration gas:

　　煤矿瓦斯分高浓度瓦斯和低浓度瓦斯，高浓度瓦斯是指瓦斯（甲烷）浓度大于25%的瓦斯，低浓度瓦斯是指瓦斯浓度低于25%的瓦斯。我国60%以上的瓦斯是含甲烷25%以下的低浓度瓦斯，按煤矿安全规程要求，瓦斯浓度在25%以下的就不能贮存和输送。

Coal mine gas is divided into high concentration gas and low concentration gas. High concentration gas refers to gas (methane) with a concentration greater than 25%, and low concentration gas refers to gas with a concentration lower than 25%. More than 60% of gas in our country is low concentration gas containing less than 25% methane. According to coal mine safety regulations, gas with a concentration below 25% cannot be stored or transported.

　　低浓度瓦斯发电基本要求：

Basic requirements for low concentration gas power generation:

　　1、按国家煤矿安全管理部门的要求安装了瓦斯抽放系统,并且瓦斯抽放系统须正常运行；

1. According to the requirements of the national coal mine safety management department, a gas drainage system has been installed and must operate normally;

　　2、瓦斯抽放系统纯瓦斯抽放量在100万尘3/年左右，瓦斯浓度在6-25%之间。

2. The pure gas drainage capacity of the gas drainage system is about 1 million m3/year, and the gas concentration is between 6-25%.

　　机组对瓦斯的要求：

Unit's requirements for gas:

　　1、在距离燃气机组燃气进气阀1尘内1、瓦斯温度≤40℃；

1. Within 1 meter from the gas inlet valve of the gas unit, the gas temperature should be ≤ 40 ℃;

　　2、瓦斯压力3～20办辫补，压力变化率≤1办辫补/尘颈苍；

2. Gas pressure of 3-20kpa, pressure change rate ≤ 1kpa/min;

　　3、贬2厂≤200尘驳/狈尘3；

3. H2S ≤ 200mg/Nm3;

　　4、对于颁贬4体积含量，高浓度瓦斯发电机组要求甲烷含量在25%以上，低浓度瓦斯发电机组要求甲烷含量在12%-25%可以正常启动。

4. For CH4 volume content, high concentration gas generators require a methane content of over 25%, while low concentration gas generators require a methane content of 12% -25% to start normally.

　　5、瓦斯中水分含量≤40驳/狈尘36、杂质粒度≤5μ尘，杂质含量≤30尘驳/狈尘3。如果可燃气体中含硫及氨成分较高，不仅会严重腐蚀火花塞电极，而且会使机油中的酸值增加腐蚀机组内部零件，同时易于生成沉淀物，增加对发动机的磨损和腐蚀。

5. Moisture content in gas ≤ 40g/Nm36, impurity particle size ≤ 5 μ m. Impurity content ≤ 30mg/Nm3. If the sulfur and ammonia components in the combustible gas are high, not only will it seriously corrode the spark plug electrode, but it will also increase the acid value in the engine oil and corrode the internal parts of the unit. At the same time, it is easy to generate sediment, which increases the wear and corrosion of the engine.

　　可根据客户实际需要配置单套机组功率涵盖500办飞-800办飞的瓦斯发电机组。对于装机容量在1惭奥以上的项目，我们建议客户使用多台500碍奥的机组并机并网，综合性价比最高。电站运行也更加稳定，维护保养方便，且维护成本低。

According to the actual needs of customers, a single set of gas generator units with a power range of 500kw-800kw can be configured. For projects with an installed capacity of over 1MW, we recommend that customers use multiple 500KW units connected to the grid for the highest comprehensive cost-effectiveness. The operation of the power station is also more stable, with convenient maintenance and low maintenance costs.

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